![]() A table of the common amino acids is provided in Figure 1. Use flash cards, whiteboards, or any other method of repetitive memorization. To learn the structures, names, and shorthand, the best method here is memorization. That is a daunting task for 20 amino acids. Most biochemistry courses will require you to know the following: the amino acid name, the structure, the pKa of ionizable hydrogens, and both the 3-letter and 1-letter shorthand. Always keep in mind, structure gives function. Errors in amino acid placement do occur and can lead to cell death in some instances. The AAs are strung together by ribosomes that read the instructions given to it by the mRNA. These proteins are made up of smaller building blocks called amino acids (AA). Proteins are complex biomolecules that perform critical roles in the cell. When genes are expressed, the DNA is transcribed into mRNA that is then translated into proteins. In biochemistry, DNA holds the genetic code for life. ![]()
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